Setback: The minimum distance that a structure must be located from a property line, street right-of-way, shoreline, or other designated boundary, as established by local zoning regulations.
Types of Setbacks
Front setback: The minimum distance from the front property line (typically the street-facing side). Usually the largest setback, ranging from 15–30 feet in residential zones. Front setbacks preserve street character and sight lines.
Side setback: The minimum distance from side property lines. Typically smaller than front setbacks — commonly 5–10 feet in residential zones. Interior side setbacks and street-side setbacks on corner lots may have different requirements.
Rear setback: The minimum distance from the rear property line. Often 15–25 feet, though ADU-friendly jurisdictions have reduced rear setbacks for accessory structures.
What Setbacks Apply To
Setback requirements apply to all permanent structures: houses, garages, sheds, decks, pools, fences (in some cases), ADUs, and additions. Different structure types may have different setback requirements even in the same zoning district — a detached garage may have a smaller rear setback allowance than the main house, for example.
Setback Violations and Variances
Building a structure that violates a setback requirement without approval is a serious zoning violation. It can result in a stop-work order, permit denial, and ultimately a requirement to relocate or demolish the non-compliant structure. If you need to build closer to a property line than the setback allows, you must apply for a variance — a formal exception to the zoning rule that requires a hearing and approval.
How to Find Your Setback Requirements
Setback requirements are found in your city's or county's zoning ordinance, which is usually available online. You can also call your local planning or building department and give them your address — they can tell you your zoning district and the applicable setbacks in minutes.